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Nonlinear optics
Nonlinear optics (NLO) is the branch of optics that describes the behavior of light in ''nonlinear media'', that is, media in which the dielectric polarization P responds nonlinearly to the electric field E of the light. This nonlinearity is typically only observed at very high light intensities (values of the electric field comparable to interatomic electric fields, typically 108 V/m) such as those provided by lasers. Above the Schwinger limit, the vacuum itself is expected to become nonlinear. In nonlinear optics, the superposition principle no longer holds.
Nonlinear optics remained unexplored until the discovery in 1961 of Second harmonic generation by Peter Franken ''et al.'' at University of Michigan, shortly after the construction of the first laser by Theodore Harold Maiman.
==Nonlinear optical processes==
Nonlinear optics explains nonlinar response of properties such as frequency, polarization, phase or path of incident light.〔 These nonlinar interactions give rise to a host of optical phenomena:
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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